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 Its always good to divide activity in different steps to understand easily. So we will perform Kernel upgrade in below steps. 

Pre-checks

Download

Extraction and update

Check After

 

Pre-checks

Check the current kernel version:

We can check kernel version through different ways. First is at SAP GUI level

As shown below.

1: Login with your credential at SAP GUI level, then got to the System > Status find it.

2: Goto SM51 à SAP Release and record current version details

 

3: Operating system level:

Login at OS level with root use and run command disp+work as show below

 

Software Download

 

Download kernel from Support packages and patches ---> By Alphabetical Index (A-Z) ---> K ---> SAP kernel <bit> <uc> ---> SAP kernel <release> (...) ---> There choose <operating system> ---> both #Database independent and <database specific> archives

EXTRACTION, UPDATE

 

1: Change to profile folder:

2: Find the instance profile

Find DIR_CT_RUN by "sappfpar check pf=<instance pf with full path> DIR_CT_RUN"
Copy kernel folder, in this case NTAMD64 as NTAMD64.bak

Copy SAR files one level above, in this case to "<drive>:\usr\sap\<SID>\SYS\exe\uc":

Stop SAP at this point. Also stop sapstartsrv processes of this SAP system. Refer to Starting and Stopping SAP Systems Based on SAP NetWeaver 

Extract kernel archives by "sapcar -xfj <SAR archive> -R <destination folder>". First extract SAPEXE and SAPEXEDB SAR files and then the rest (dw sar, lib_dbsl sar, etc):

Start SAP start service SAP<SID>_<instance nr> from Windows service manager or by sapcontrol -nr <instance nr> -function StartService <SID> command

1. Restart SAP:
   
2. Restart SAP Start Service:
   

CHECK AFTER

Check the new kernel version:

System > Status:

Operating system level:

 

 Thanks